\n<\/p>\n
Missionary groups are using audio devices in protected territories of the rainforest to attract and evangelise isolated or recently contacted Indigenous people in the Amazon. A joint investigation by the Guardian and Brazilian newspaper O Globo reveals that solar-powered devices reciting biblical messages in Portuguese and Spanish have appeared among members of the Korubo people in the Javari valley, near the Brazil-Peru border.<\/p>\n
Map of part of South America showing location of Javari valley Indigenous territory on Brazil\/Peru border.<\/p>\n
Drones have also been spotted by Brazilian state agents in charge of protecting the areas. The gadgets have raised concerns about illegal missionary activities, despite strict government measures designed to safeguard isolated Indigenous groups.<\/p>\n
Quick Guide<\/span><\/p>\n <\/span>Show<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Uncontacted peoples, or \u201cpeoples in voluntary isolation\u201d, avoid contact with modern society to protect their way of life and stay safe from violence or exploitation. They live in remote areas such as rainforests and deserts, maintaining traditional cultures free from outside influence. Governments and organisations aim to protect their rights and territories to prevent disease, cultural disruption and exploitation, safeguarding their autonomy and lands.<\/p>\n What constitutes contact?<\/strong><\/p>\n In anthropology, \u201ccontact\u201d means interactions between cultural or social groups. \u201cContacted\u201d individuals have continuing relations with society. Contact can be direct, for example trade or conflict, or indirect, such as disease transmission. It involves cultural exchange and economic interactions. Colonial contact often imposed systems that disrupted Indigenous cultures. Brief or accidental interactions don\u2019t count as contact.<\/p>\n Where are their territories?<\/strong><\/p>\n Most uncontacted peoples live in the Amazon basin, especially in Brazil and Peru, often within protected areas. Others are in the Gran Chaco, Andaman Islands, North Sentinel Island and West Papua. The Amazon basin, a vast region spanning several countries in South America, including Brazil, Peru, Colombia and Ecuador, is home to the largest number of uncontacted communities, with estimates suggesting there could be dozens of such groups living in isolation. Western Brazil and eastern Peru are known for having some of the last uncontacted groups, including some that live in voluntary isolation within protected Indigenous territories and national parks.<\/p>\n Is it essential to protect uncontacted peoples?<\/strong><\/p>\n Some oppose protection, citing a lack of modern benefits, concerns about land use or safety issues. Advocates argue that they survive using natural resources, contact harms health and evangelisation weakens cultures. They emphasise these peoples\u2019 rights to their territories and the inability of governments to ensure their safety. Even after contact, Indigenous peoples have rights to their full traditional territories according to some national and international norms.<\/p>\n Why is the idea controversial?<\/strong><\/p>\n Governments and NGOs work to protect uncontacted peoples\u2019 territories from logging, mining and agriculture as they threaten their survival. Demarcating protected zones reduces human activity and preserves the way of life within them. In some countries, such as Brazil, legislation requires the government to demarcate Indigenous territories in the event of identifying uncontacted peoples \u2013 a measure that often conflicts with economic interests linked to land rights and use.<\/p>\n Thank you for your feedback.<\/p>\n This is not thought to be the first recent attempt by missionary groups to reach isolated and uncontacted communities in the Javari valley. Shortly before the pandemic, a group of US and Brazilian citizens affiliated to evangelical churches were allegedly reported to be planning to contact the Korubo people. It was claimed they had used seaplanes to map trails and locate longhouses.<\/p>\n <\/span>A plane carrying missionaries from the Asas de Socorro group lands in an indigenous village in the Javari valley.<\/span> Photograph: biasetto@gmail.com<\/p>\n Three missionaries were identified as planning these alleged contact efforts: Thomas Andrew Tonkin, Josiah McIntyre and Wilson de Benjamin Kannenberg, linked to the Miss\u00e3o Novas Tribos do Brasil<\/em> (New Tribes Mission of Brazil \u2013 MNTB) and a humanitarian group known as Asas de Socorro \u2013 or Wings of Relief. They were prohibited from entering Indigenous territory by court order during the Covid crisis.<\/p>\n Now it has emerged that missionaries have returned to the Javari valley and surrounding towns, such as Atalaia do Norte, with a new tool.<\/p>\n The first device uncovered, a yellow and grey mobile phone-sized unit, mysteriously appeared in a Korubo village in the Javari valley recently. The gadget, which recites the Bible and inspirational talks by an American Baptist, can do so indefinitely, even off-grid, thanks to a solar panel. Up to seven of the units were reported by local people, but photo and video evidence were obtained for just one.<\/p>\n <\/span>A solar-powered In Touch Messenger audio device in the Korubo village, loaded with the Bible and religious teachings in Spanish and Portuguese<\/span><\/p>\n A message on the device located by the Guardian states: \u201cLet\u2019s see what Paul says as he considers his own life in Philippians chapter 3, verse 4: \u2018If someone else thinks they have reasons to put confidence in the flesh, I have more\u2019.\u201d<\/p>\n The Brazilian government does not permit proselytising in the Korubo\u2019s territory. Its policy, dating from 1987, stipulates that isolated groups must initiate any contact, a stance that made Brazil a pioneer in respecting Indigenous self-determination.<\/p>\n The state also strictly controls access, to protect the Korubo and other uncontacted peoples in the region from common diseases to which they have little or no immunity.<\/p>\n The device that reached the hands of the Korubo is called Messenger and is distributed by the Baptist organisation In Touch Ministries, based in Atlanta, Georgia. It is now a curiosity in the possession of the Korubo community matriarch, May\u00e1.<\/p>\n In Touch does not sell the Messenger. The devices are donated to \u201cunreached\u201d people in countries around the world and are available in more than 100 languages. With its solar panel and built-in torch, the device is designed to bring the gospel to places that lack reliable electricity or internet connections.<\/p>\n In an interview with the Guardian, Seth Grey, In Touch Ministries\u2019 chief operating officer, confirmed that the organisation uses devices such as the Messenger and that \u201cit is built for functionality, solar-powered, with a flashlight\u201d. \u201cThen they discover the content,\u201d he said, adding that the device is loud enough for 20-person \u201clistening groups\u201d.<\/p>\n Grey said he personally delivered 48 of the devices to the Wai Wai people in the Brazilian Amazon four years ago. They contained religious content in their language and Portuguese. The Wai Wai have engaged with US missionaries, who have contacted and proselytised among communities in the northern Amazon, for decades, according to anthropologist Catherine V Howard.<\/p>\n Grey said, however, that the Messenger should not be present in the Javari valley in violation of Brazilian policy. \u201cWe don\u2019t go anywhere we\u2019re not allowed,\u201d he said, referring to In Touch staff. He said he was aware of missionaries from \u201cother organisations\u201d who do carry the devices to regions and countries where they are prohibited.<\/p>\n <\/span>As a recently contacted people, the Korubo are of keen interest to missionaries.<\/span> Photograph: Paulo Mumia<\/p>\n The Korubo, known for their deadly expertise with war clubs, are a recently contacted people and therefore of keen interest to certain missionaries focused on preaching to the \u201cunreached\u201d.<\/p>\n Sgt Cardovan da Silva Soeiro, a military police officer at the government protection post at the entrance to the Javari valley Indigenous territory, said he learned about the devices from an Indigenous person stationed at the base.<\/p>\n \u201cI sent a report with the photos to police intelligence, but so far we haven\u2019t heard anything back. The Indigenous people didn\u2019t want to give me the devices, so I thought it best not to insist. I just managed to get the images,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n Cardovan said military police officers are aware of the presence of missionaries allegedly linked to another Christian group, Jehovah\u2019s Witnesses. \u201cSome of these religious entities are very likely trying to get closer,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n <\/span>A Funai base at the confluence of the Itui and Itaquai rivers \u2013 the main access point for Korubo sites in the Javari Valley \u2013 where officers reported drone sightings.<\/span> Photograph: John Reid<\/p>\n He also reported to police command the presence of \u201cmysterious drones\u201d that had recently appeared above the base, usually in the late afternoon. Cardovan was ordered to shoot them down, but so far has been unable to do so.<\/p>\n \u201cWe don\u2019t know if they belong to missionaries, drug traffickers, fishers or miners who are watching the base to see if they\u2019ll have free passage through here. When I received the order from command to shoot them down, I aimed my rifle, but the drone fled at high speed. It seemed very sophisticated,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n Daniel Lu\u00eds Dalberto, a federal prosecutor\u2019s office agent who monitors the rights of uncontacted and recently contacted peoples, said the key point to understanding the presence of missionaries is not how many there are in the territory, \u201cbut rather the change in methods like those of the radios that are emerging now\u201d.<\/p>\n \u201cIt\u2019s a stealthy, concealed, under the radar conversion,\u201d he said. \u201cThe method has become sophisticated and difficult, almost impossible to combat.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Missionary groups are using audio devices in protected territories of the rainforest to attract and evangelise isolated or recently contacted Indigenous people in the Amazon. A joint investigation by the Guardian and Brazilian newspaper O Globo reveals that solar-powered devices reciting biblical messages in Portuguese and Spanish have appeared among members of the Korubo people<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12525,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[50],"tags":[422,6145,2590,5787,6146,6147,6144,1299,6148,537],"class_list":{"0":"post-12524","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-environment","8":"tag-amazon","9":"tag-audio","10":"tag-brazils","11":"tag-devices","12":"tag-evangelise","13":"tag-isolated","14":"tag-missionaries","15":"tag-peoples","16":"tag-rainforest","17":"tag-secret"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/naijaglobalnews.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12524","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/naijaglobalnews.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/naijaglobalnews.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/naijaglobalnews.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/naijaglobalnews.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12524"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/naijaglobalnews.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12524\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/naijaglobalnews.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12525"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/naijaglobalnews.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12524"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/naijaglobalnews.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12524"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/naijaglobalnews.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12524"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}What are \u2018uncontacted peoples\u2019?<\/h4>\n